The two wed on 26 December 1931 and had four children. He was appointed SS chief for Berlin in 1934, and when Himmler became chief of all German police forces in 1936, Heydrich took charge of the SD, the criminal police, and the Gestapo. On that day, Klaus was cycling with his brother Heider Heydrich in the courtyard of the Castle Panensk Beany (Jungfern-Breschan). Halle was not spared. [53] Himmler named Heydrich to head the Gestapo on 22 April 1934. WebReinhard Heydrich was born on March 7 1904, in Halle, to Richard Bruno Heydrich and Elisabeth Krantz. Jan Kubi and Jozef Gabk headed the team chosen for the mission, trained by the British Special Operations Executive (SOE). [55], Beginning in April 1934, and at Hitler's request, Heydrich and Himmler began building a dossier on Sturmabteilung (SA) leader Ernst Rhm in an effort to remove him as a rival for party leadership. ', He added: 'We must distinguish the son from the father. Hitler's personal doctor Theodor Morell suggested the use of the new antibacterial drug sulfonamide, but Gebhardt thought that Heydrich would recover and declined the suggestion. Heydrich labelled them "economic criminals" and "enemies of the people", which helped gain him support. [94] Czech prime minister Alois Eli was among those arrested the first day. Those associated with it or the resistance movement were tortured or executed. Some info about Reinhard Heydrich family: Father: Bruno Heydrich Reinhard Heydrich Married to: Lina von Osten Children: Klaus, born 1933, Died in traffic accident 1943 Heider, born 1934 Silke, born 9.4.1939 Marte, born 1942 Siblings to Reinhard Heydrich: Maria Heydrich Heinz Heydrich [13], In recognition of her husband's service to the Nazi cause, Hitler gave to Lina the country estate of Jungfern-Breschan in rural Bohemia. Reinhard lived in Halle. Eventually, they married for the purpose of changing her last name. People disappeared without a trace with no one told of their whereabouts or fate. In Prague, the day before the attack that led to his death, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lina_Heydrich&oldid=1137596810, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from August 2015, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 14:04. Both Heydrich and Heydrich's firstborn son, Klaus, died within the year. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The Nazis wiped out the town of Lidice, killing all the men and shipping women and children to concentration camps after Heydrich was assassinated in 1942. They became romantically involved and soon announced their engagement on 18 December 1930. [24], In 1922, Heydrich joined the German Navy (Reichsmarine), taking advantage of the security, structure, and pension it offered. But many believe it would besmirch the memory of tens of thousands of Czechs and Slovaks who died under Nazi occupation to have any part in a scheme associated with Heydrich. Right, his son Heider has said he wants to restore his father's castle outside Prague, Outrage: The upper castle at Panenske Brezany, near Prague. After the death of his brother, Heinz Heydrich helped Jews escape the Holocaust. Then Ralph dissects what he can from early testimony of the rape case against former President Trump, & could Kern County native Joey Porter Jr. Reinhard Heydrich Washington Post [40] As his power and influence grew throughout the 1930s, his wealth grew commensurately; in 1935 he received a base salary of 8,400 Reichsmarks (equivalent to 38,766 in 2021) and an allowance of 12,000 Reichsmarks (equivalent to 55,379 in 2021) and by 1938 his income increased to 17,371 Reichsmarks (equivalent to 77,580 in 2021), annually. 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Those who worked Heydrich feared him, as did those who were unfortunate enough to be under his control. top Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich opened in 3. [101] More than 100,000 workers were removed from "unsuitable" jobs and conscripted by the Ministry of Labour. WebAlso Known As: Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich Died At Age: 38 Family: Spouse/Ex-: Lina Heydrich father: Richard Bruno Heydrich mother: Elisabeth Krantz siblings: Heinz Heydrich, Q15303817 children: Heider Heydrich, Klaus Heydrich, Marte Heydrich, Silke Heydrich Soldiers War Criminals Height: 1.91 m Died on: June 4, 1942 place of death: [159] After this Hitler personally ordered Heydrich to return to Berlin to resume his SS duties. [23], As a result of the conditions of the Treaty of Versailles as well as Germany's large war debt, hyperinflation spread across Germany and many lost their life savings. [22] However, there is very little documentation of this, beyond a single postcard he received. On 29 November 1939, Heydrich issued a cable about the "Evacuation of New Eastern Provinces", detailing the deportation of people by railway to concentration camps, and giving guidance surrounding the December 1939 census, which would be the basis on which those deportations were performed. [37][38], Although the starting monthly salary of 180 Reichsmarks (equivalent to 679 in 2021) was low, Heydrich decided to take the job because Lina's family supported the Nazi movement, and the quasi-military and revolutionary nature of the post appealed to him. Funeral of nazi ss reinhard heydrich aka butcher of prague 1942 british path. Reinhard Heydrich was born on March 7, 1904, in Halle an der Saale, 20 miles northwest of Leipzig, in the German state of Saxony. By Allan Hall for MailOnline Updated: 12:14 EDT, 28 March 2011. Reinhard Klaus The Reich Protector, Konstantin von Neurath, remained the territory's titular head, but was sent on "leave" because Hitler, Himmler, and Heydrich felt his "soft approach" to the Czechs had promoted anti-German sentiment and encouraged anti-German resistance via strikes and sabotage. chapter 59: return to the capital - Wattpad [83] According to the decree, "persons endangering German security" were to be arrested in a maximally discreet way: "under the cover of night and fog". In 1933, Heydrich gathered some of his men from the SD and together they stormed police headquarters in Munich and took over the organisation using intimidation tactics. Eberstein and Heydrich's families were both from Halle on the Saale. Karl von Eberstein [101], Despite public displays of goodwill towards the populace, privately Heydrich was very clear about his eventual goal: "This entire area will one day be definitely German, and the Czechs have nothing to expect here." Shot and wounded from a blast from a hand grenade, he died eight days later from blood poisoning by the metal fragments lodged is his body. The material was delivered to the NKVD. [161][162], Heydrich began training as a pilot in 1935, and undertook fighter pilot training at the flight school at Werneuchen in 1939. Rudolf Diels [59] The Gestapo had the authority to arrest citizens on the suspicion that they might commit a crime, and the definition of a crime was at their discretion. He established the much-feared counter-intelligence unit with the S.S., the SD, and went on to head the Gestapo and unite the German police under the control of his mentor, Heinrich Himmler. Seeing that the gate to the street was open, Klaus rode out onto the street where he was struck by a small truck coming down the road. [115] Heydrich ensured the safety of certain athletes, such as Paul Sommer, a Jewish German champion fencer he knew from his pre-SS days, and the Polish Olympic fencing team that competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics.[116]. He excelled in his schoolwork at the secular "Reformgymnasium", especially in the sciences. Reinhard Heydrich detested Nazi leader sparks outrage after announcing [42], On 1 August 1931, Heydrich began his job as chief of the new 'Ic Service' (intelligence service). She kept several dozen prisoners at the estate for forced labour. [13], His father was a German nationalist with loyalties to the Kaiser, who instilled patriotic ideas in his three children but was not affiliated with any political party until after World War I. Heider Heydrich, now 76, made an offer to the Panenske Brezany municipality to 'find finances' for the reconstruction of the chateau where he also lived. Berlin police are trying to find out who opened the unmarked grave of SS officer Reinhard Heydrich, a top Nazi killed by Czechoslovak agents in 1942. 1942), The History Learning Site - Biography of Reinhard Heydrich, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Reinhard Heydrich, Reinhard Heydrich - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). [8] Lina later stated that Reinhard Heydrich never read Hitler's book, Mein Kampf. Stalin ordered one of his best NKVD agents, General Nikolai Skoblin, to pass Heydrich false information suggesting that Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky and other Soviet generals were plotting against Stalin. He served as president of the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC, now known as Interpol) and chaired the January 1942 Wannsee Conference which formalised plans for the "Final Solution to the Jewish question"the deportation and genocide of all Jews in German-occupied Europe. During Kristallnacht in November 1938, Heydrich ordered the arrest of thousands of Jews by the Gestapo and the SS and their imprisonment in concentration camps. [71], In mid-1939, Heydrich created the Stiftung Nordhav Foundation to obtain real estate for the SS and Security Police to use as guest houses and vacation spots. After Heydrich's death, implementation of the policies formalised at the Wannsee conference he chaired was accelerated. He often drove alone in a car with an open roof a show of his confidence in the occupation forces and in his government's effectiveness. Reinhard Heydrich Reinhard Heydrich Lina Heydrich Heydrichs father, who directed a musical conservatory and sang Wagnerian roles in the opera, exposed his son to the cult of Richard Wagner, and his mother was a stern disciplinarian; the family was falsely suspected of partial Jewish ancestry. But the director of the Lidice memorial, Milous Cervencl, is not opposed to the castle being restored. In 1976, she published a memoir, Leben mit einem Kriegsverbrecher (Life with a War Criminal). Anti-Jewish violence was forbidden for the duration, and news stands were required to stop displaying copies of Der Strmer. Reinhard Heydrich: In Depth [10], Lina Heydrich gave birth to two sons, Klaus (born 17 June 1933) and Heider (born 23 December 1934). Heydrich was born on March 7, 1904, in Halle, Germany. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The games were used to promote the propaganda aims of the Nazi regime. Son of Bruno Heydrich and Elisabeth* Anna Heydrich (Krantz) Husband of Lina Mathilde Heydrich Father of Reinhard Klaus* Heydrich; Heider Heydrich; Private and Private Brother of Maria Barthel and Heinz* Siegfried Heydrich [113] On 21 September 1939, Heydrich sent out a teleprinter message on the "Jewish question in the occupied territory" to the chiefs of all Einsatzgruppen with instructions to round up Jewish people for placement into ghettos, called for the formation of Judenrte (Jewish councils), ordered a census, and promoted Aryanization plans for Jewish-owned businesses and farms, among other measures. Heydrich [94] The terror also served to paralyse resistance in society, with public and widespread reprisals by the Nazis against any action resisting German rule. In 1941, he was appointed as 'protector' of Bohemia and Moravia, the part of Czechoslovakia incorporated into the Third Reich. [151] On 9 June, in the village of Lidice 172 boys and men between age 14 to 84 were shot. He was promoted to SS-Obergruppenfhrer und General der Polizei on 24 September 1941. He returned to Berlin on 14 May after having crashed his plane on takeoff at Stavanger the previous day. None of Hitlers lieutenants did more to realize the Final Solution than Heinrich Himmler and Reinhard Heydrich. [18], In 1918, World War I ended with Germany's defeat. On 28 December 1941 they parachuted into the Protectorate, where they lived in hiding, preparing for the mission. Reinhard Heydrich, also known as The Butcher, rose to be Obergruppenfhrer of the notorious S.S. in Nazi Germany. But after consultations with Karl Hermann Frank, he altered his response. Reinhard Heydrich Reinhard Heydrich [92] Although small disorganised cells of Central Leadership of Home Resistance (stedn veden odboje domcho, VOD) survived, only the communist resistance was able to function in a coordinated manner (although it also suffered arrests). Generl v srdci neptele s cenou t diviz", "SOE a pprava atenttu na Reinharda Heydricha", "The Path to the Mass Murder of European Jews, part 2. Because Himmler was only four years older than Heydrich, Heydrichs hopes for advancement could be realized only with his specialization. [95][96][97], In March 1942, further sweeps against Czech cultural and patriotic organisations, the military, and the intelligentsia resulted in the practical paralysis of the London-based Czech resistance. Reinhard Heydrich This left Lina at home with the children and having to run the household alone. The gestapo and german society political denunciation in. Heydrich masterminded the fake Polish attack on the Gleiwitz radio transmitter that provided Hitler with a pretext for invading Poland on September 1, 1939. Heydrich was one of the organisers of Kristallnacht, a pogrom against Jews throughout Germany on the night of 910 November 1938. The telegram is evidence number PS-3363 from the Oswald Pohl case at the Nuremberg Trials. [103], Heydrich was, for all intents and purposes, military dictator of Bohemia and Moravia. The Czech lands were an important industrial zone for the German military, and indiscriminate killing could reduce the region's productivity. [140] Nevertheless, on 16 December 2019, the BBC reported that Heydrich's unmarked grave had been opened by unknown persons, without anything being taken. In 1926 he advanced to the rank of ensign (Leutnant zur See) and was assigned as a signals officer on the battleship SMS Schleswig-Holstein, the flagship of Germany's North Sea Fleet. Heydrich, initially a frail and sickly youth, was encouraged by his parents to exercise to build up his strength. [70] In the Anschluss on 12 March, Hitler declared the unification of Austria with Nazi Germany. [65], Heydrich was assigned to help organise the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. In late February 1919, civil unrestincluding strikes and clashes between communist and anti-communist groupstook place in Heydrich's home town of Halle. This placed a serious strain on their marriage that nearly resulted in divorce. He drove from the castle on the morning of May 27, 1942, to Prague, where his car was ambushed. [57] The purge became known as the Night of the Long Knives. [166] It was his final combat mission. [47] Nazi Gauleiter Rudolf Jordan claimed Heydrich was not a pure Aryan. Himmler asked Heydrich to convey his ideas for developing an SS intelligence service. Tens of thousands more passed through the camp before being sent East to be murdered. The Gestapo Law, passed in 1936, gave police the right to act extra-legally. [80], Heydrich's SD forged documents and letters implicating Tukhachevsky and other Red Army commanders. 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This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Reinhard-Heydrich, Jewish Virtual Library - Reinhard Heydrich, HistoryNet - Reinhard Heydrich: A Devil With Many Faces, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum - Holocaust Encyclopedia - Reinhard Heydrich: In Depth, GlobalSecurity.org - Reinhard Heydrich (7. Their father, Bruno Heydrich was a composer and opera singer. 1904-4. WebIn The Hangman and His Wife, Nancy Dougherty, and, following her death, Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, masterfully explore who Heydrich was and how he came to be, and how he came to do what he did. Lina persuaded Heydrich to look into the recently formed Schutzstaffel (SS) as a career option. WebFour children: Klaus (1933-1943), Heider (1934), Silke (1939), Marte (1942). Heydrich made an emergency landing behind enemy lines. The government had previously declined to pay because of Heydrich's role in the Holocaust. [74] This action was to be coordinated among the representatives from the Nazi state agencies present at the meeting. During World War II, while serving as one of the highest ranking officers in the SS, Heydrich was also a Reserve Officer in the less intimidating rank of a Luftwaffe Captain. All the men were shot and the women and children were sent to concentration camps. But the "information" Heydrich had received was actually misinformation planted by Stalin himself in an attempt to legitimise his planned purges of the Red Army's high command. The second of three children, his father Bruno was a singer and minor composer, and his mother Elizabeth came from a Music was a part of Heydrich's everyday life; his father founded the Halle Conservatory of Music, Theatre, and Teaching and his mother taught piano there. By order of the Reichsfhrer-SS, residency without possession of an identification card is punishable by death. The whole village was razed to the ground.